To diagnose Diagnostic Test Code (DTC) P0123, you will need a scan tool that can read computer data and a digital Volt/Ohm meter.
Check the sensor data in the computer and see if it is showing TPS voltage higher than 4.5 volts. If it does not, then you may have a computer that is malfunctioning internally.
If it is reading the TPS voltage higher than4.5 volts, then you need to back-probe the TPS signal return circuit and verify the actual voltage with the digital Volt/Ohm meter with the ignition in the ON position.. If the voltage is higher than 4.5 volts and the meter reading agrees with the computer data, then this is not an internal computer error - (the computer is telling you the truth)
Then you should check the 5 volt reference voltage at the sensor connector with the connector disconnected from the sensor with the ignition in the ON position. If the reference voltage is higher than 5.3 volts, then the reference circuit is shorted to power. (possibly shorted to another wire that is SUPPOSED to have higher voltage)
If the reference voltage is correct, check the sensor ground. With the sensor connected and the ignition in the ON position, back-probe the sensor ground wire at the TPS connector and connect the POSITIVE lead of the Volt/Ohm meter to the back probing pin and the NEGATIVE lead to battery ground. Put the meter on a one volt scale if it is equipped with one. Otherwise, put it on the lowest scale possible. You should have a reading of 200 MilliVolts or less (preferably ZERO). If the voltage reading here is more than 200 millivolts, your problem is being caused by a bad ground circuit.
If all of the above checks out OK, replace the TPS.
See wiring diagram for a better understanding of what we are trying to do here.