My 2001 GMC Sonoma will rotate and turn over but not start could this b the evap system or the secondary air injection system; sometimes it will start and be fine for 50mile then not start again. I us

here is what i found on p1416.



P1416 Chevrolet
P1416 Chevrolet - Secondary Air Injection System Bank 2
Possible causes
- Faulty Secondary Air Injection (AIR) pump
- Secondary Air Injection check valve bank 2
- Secondary Air Injection (AIR) pump electrical circuit fault
- Blocked Secondary Air Injection (AIR) system

When is the code detected?

The P1416 code is set when no O2 sensor voltage change is detected by the Engine Control Module (ECM).


Possible symptoms
- Engine Light ON (or Service Engine Soon Warning Light)


P1416 Chevrolet Description
An Secondary Air Injection (AIR) pump is used on this vehicle to lower tail pipe emissions on start-up. The PCM supplies a ground to the AIR pump relay, which energizes the AIR pump. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) monitors the HO2S voltages to diagnose the AIR system. During the AIR test the PCM activates the AIR pump during closed loop operation. When the AIR is activated, the PCM monitors the HO2S voltages and short term fuel trim values for both banks of the engine. If the AIR system is operating properly, the HO2S voltages should go low and the short term fuel trim should go high.

p0122 is a throttle position sensor/switch bad.

p1810 is a TFP valve position switch circuit/transmission 4wheel drive low indicator short circuit to battery.


p0410 is a secondary air injection system malfunction.

Your best bet take it to a qualified repair shop . It takes special tool's to diagnose evaporative emission system's .
DTC P0411 : Secondary Air Injection (AIR) System Incorrect Air Flow Detected
DTC P0449: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Vent Solenoid Control Circuit
DTC P0455: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Large Leak

Diagnostic Test Code (DTC) P0410 indicates that your secondary air injection system is not functioning properly.
Not all 2001 Chevrolet Bazers are equipped with secondary air injection. The secondary air injection system was added to vehicles that were to be sold in certain areas where the emissions laws required it, like the State Of California.

The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) monitors the system by commanding the secondary air blower motor to run and the air injection solenoid to open. This causes additional oxygen to enter the exhaust system. The PCM then monitors the signal from the oxygen sensors to see if the commanded air has in fact, entered the exhaust system. Code P0410 sets when the PCM has commanded the blower motor on and the solenoid open and there is little or no change in the oxygen sensor signal.

GM has had some problems with these systems and there has been a Technical Service Bulletin (TSB) issued that addresses some of the known concers. Below is a brief description of the TSB and the issues involved.

Bulletin No.: 04-06-04-015A
Date: November 28, 2006
TECHNICAL
Subject:
LN2, L43 or L35 Engine SES/MIL Light Illuminated, AIR Pump Ingesting Water and DTC P0410 Set (Replace AIR Pump and Inlet Hose Assembly)
Models:
1999-2003 Chevrolet Blazer, S10
1999-2001 GMC Jimmy
1999-2003 GMC Sonoma
1999-2001 Oldsmobile Bravada
with Vortec 2.2L I4 or 4.3L V6 Engine (VINs 4, 5, W - RPOs LN2, L43, L35)
Condition
Some customers may comment on the SES/MIL light being illuminated. Upon investigation, the technician may find a DTC P0410 indicating that there is a concern in the secondary air injection system.
Cause
Water may have collected in the AIR pump or the vent solenoid and frozen or corroded the pump.
Correction
Replace the AIR pump and install a new inlet hose and solenoid tube assembly...

The bulletin goes on and gives detailed information on how to perform the repair and the part numbers of the replacement parts needed to do so. Your local dealer can provide the parts for you and you can probably get them to print out a complete copy of the bulletin for you. It is not really hard to do if you want to do this yourself.

PO 301 is no 1 cylinder misfire, PO 410 is secondary air injection system, & PO 442 is Medium leak detected in EVAP system.

I have a 2000 2.2L Sonoma that I had to replace the motor in with a 99 engine and when I did the exhaust manifold was different and I could not hook up my air pump and I now have a service engine light on all the time but it runs just fine and I even think it improved my gas mileage. You might check your air pump connections or sensor. The air pump is on the front of the engine below the ac unit. I TOO have a Hanes book but also a Chilton book because 1 covers some things the other does not

P0410 Secondary Air System PerformancePossible Causes Setting Conditions AIR solenoid Ignition circuit is open (check the U/H IGN fuse) AIR pump has failed (inspect air pump for water) AIR system check valves and/or pipes are damaged or leaking AIR system hoses or lines are damaged, pinched or kinked Base engine problem (e.g., excessive exhaust back pressure) PCM has failed P0300 Multiple Cylinder Misfire DetectedPossible Causes Setting Conditions Base engine mechanical fault that affects one or more cylinders EVAP system problem or the EVAP canister is fuel saturated EGR valve is stuck open or PCV system has a vacuum leak Fuel delivery component fault that affects two or more cylinders Ignition system fault (a coil) that affects more than one cylinder

On the 2001 gmc jimmy 4.3L v6 engine there are two air pump check valves: there's a pipe (about 1" diameter) that comes off each of the exhaust manifolds. the check valves are screwed onto those pipes. then a rubber hose (about 1.25" outside diameter) is clamped to the front of each check valve and connects to the air pump, which is hidden behind the vehicles grille in front of the radiator. typically, if you need to replace these (the life expectancy is about 3-4 years), it starts a chain of events that might be as follows: during the wintertime, water from the exhaust leaks through the worn out one-way check valves, and ends up in the air pump. the water freezes, and the ice jams the air pump, which may or may not ruin the air pump, but which usually blows the air pump fuse, which is impossible to find if you're rummaging around the passenger compartment fuse box or the under-hood fuse and relay box. it ain't there! so if you're looking under the hood leaning up against the front bumper, slide to your left around the passenger side headlight. now you should be looking at the battery, leaning up against the passenger side fender. look down between the battery and the fender. you have to push a few things out of the way, but there you will find a green 30 amp blade fuse (about 1" x 1" fuse--and $2.99 at autozone). this blown fuse should have triggered the check engine light and a DTC (diagnostic trouble code) of p0410 (secondary air injection system). for that vehicle there is a TSB (technical service bulletin) put out by gm (bulletin # 04-06-04-015; march 2004). if you want to print out some literature about all that i've mentioned just surf on over to http://www.obd-codes.com/p0410 for more links and documentation. my credentials: self-proclaimed auto mechanic for 26 years (sorry, no ase certification yet [but still trying to find time to study for the tests]) and college dropout (after 3 years of electrical engineering)--so, in other words, don't believe a word i say; just go to that website and get it straight from the horse's... 
Good luck and hope this helps. I know you have a Sonoma but we have the same platform. I am thinking of buying a set of headers without the Air injection system and having the jimmy dyno tuned again to eliminate the service engine light and recalibrate the ECM to eliminate the air injection pump. 

this is most certainly the electric motor driven secondary air injection pump, very prone to failure.
Price at www.rockauto.com $207.00 (lowest anywhere)
AC DELCO Part # 219505 {#17803251}
PUMP,SECD AIR Injection w/ELEC AIR INJECTION REACTOR(K18)

sounds like it could be plugged injectors or a timing problem.