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The derailleur mechanism, as its name implies, 'derails' the chain from one rear sprocket to the next, either larger (for a lower gear) or smaller (for a higher gear). It is spelt that way as it is a French invention.
Your bike must not be the Cruiser pictured - that's a one-speed bike. So here's a general description--- For gear changes on multi-speed bikes, where the chain has to move between different size sprockets, the chain must be moving in order to shift. So, yes, you have to be pedaling, but it works best if you pedal very lightly - so that the chain is moving, but is under very light pressure. On the other hand, if you have a 3-speed bike where the gear changes take place inside the hub of the rear wheel, the wheel should be moving, but the chain should not - so you should be coasting to change gears.
If the cable is rusty or otherwise binding it won't let the derailleur fall toward the smaller sprockets when the control is moved. Likewise, it may not even let you move the control in the direction that pulls the cable (bigger rings).
If you don't know much about the process I suggest you read this:
not positive what you are asking, but on this bike, the engine oil also lubricates the transmission gears. what is key is to use a motorcycle oil. automobile oils are too slick and will cause your bike's transmission to slip.
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